Tap the entry you want to update the permissions for. the main reason the SharingProvider exists: testing. All the user needs to do at this point is enter the contact details for the intended share recipient and send the message. The SharingProvider protocol makes it easy to test these decision points by injection. Add the following modifier to the Button: With this code in place, only users with the proper permissions can perform actions like editing or deleting. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? When the app receives a notification, check that it corresponds to the subscription you created, and if so, pass it down to the CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton. With this code in place, build and run on your second device. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. 2 Reviews. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. A participant is any other iCloud account that is allowed to operate on those objects in some way. The goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears. A user of an app could, for example, make one or more records accessible to other users so that they can view and, optionally, modify the record. As always, I can't wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Sharing with one other person is interesting, Each of these participants will be able to access. this new Allows Cloud Encryption checkbox. Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own. CloudKit provides much more functionality on top of this, especially for sophisticated data models, public sharing, advanced user notification features, and more. When the user taps the link that was shared earlier and accepts the invitation, the delegate calls this method and launches the app. I've already modified it to support sharing posts, I'm going to start by launching my application, and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner, I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"--. CloudSharingView conforms to the protocol UIViewControllerRepresentable and wraps the UIKit UICloudSharingController so you can use it in SwiftUI. and the participants entry for Jermaine shows. CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Im going to take a fairly deep technical dive into the CloudKit API to explore ways you can leverage this technology to make awesome multi-device apps. For example, the zone that NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages. Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. An object that represents activity in a persistent CloudKit container. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate what objects are shared, who they're shared with, and what those participants can do. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. Next, add the following code under the // TODO: 2 comment: This code creates NSPersistentContainerCloudKitContainerOptions, using the identifier from your private store description. Careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client. Enter a topic above and jump straight to the good stuff. I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, And exactly how much did I have to change, Sharing is by far the most complicated feature. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. . If a match returns, this object is already shared. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. The only way to distinguish the private records versus shared records is to tap the detail and view the role in the participants list. share NSPersistentCloudKitContainer between app and extension, Core Data sharing with CloudKit: Unable to Accept Share. Then, it sets the persistent store based on the scope. This seems to be a good tool for that: https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk CloudKit Notifications provide the means to find out when records have been updated by another client. To delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button. Note that the same code will work for macOS clients as well, with slight adjustments for differences in how notifications work on that platform. Participants can have different roles and permissions. Another user will see a different set of zones. Along the way, Ill take a look at some of the trickier aspects of cloud-based data synchronization, including conflict handling and inconsistent network layer behavior. All of this work required accessing some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in. Here I used isShared to decide whether or not to convert the title of a post to an attributed string and prefix it with the person.circle symbol to show that the post is part of a share. Then, I set its CloudKit container options databaseScope property to .shared. The first is the notion of a set of actors. Our example use case is a simple note application with just a single note, for illustration purposes. So, an offline mode must be carefully considered. After the share has been saved to the database, the cloud sharing controller needs to be notified that the share is ready to be sent. Get the most out of CloudKit Sharing Discover how apps can use CloudKit to share records with others. Clash between mismath's \C and babel with russian. But our applications are usually designed to manage large collections of data. This is your Destination entity in Core Data. The code above stores a reference to each store when its loaded. CloudKit sharing provides a way for records contained within a private database to be shared with other app users, entirely at the discretion of the owner of that database. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. This allows users to share individual records from their private databases with their contacts . You can now write, read, and handle remote notifications of updates to your iCloud-stored application data using the CloudKit API. Amazing! In the Signing & Capabilities section, add the iCloud capability. Sharing documents with the project you linked to relies on [NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL:expirationDate:error:]. When storing data via CloudKit, CloudKit Console allows you to interact with the data in question and perform several other functions such as viewing logs. If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. If theres no error, the title of the share is set. Every app automatically gets a default CKContainer, and a group of apps can share a custom CKContainer if permission settings allow. and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. we can share the data our applications create. Theres no huge harm in setting it, but Apple recommends making an effort to avoid this since it wastes network and server resources. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device. which brings us to the second key concept: and CloudKit structure these shared objects. For starters, a few custom errors can be defined to shield the client from the internals of CloudKit, and a simple delegate protocol can inform the client of remote updates to the underlying Note data. Last, open HomeView.swift and look for the swipeActions modifier. CloudKit app require a few items to be enabled on the Capabilities Pane of the Xcode Target: iCloud (naturally), including the CloudKit checkbox, Push Notifications, and Background Modes (specifically, remote notifications). Youll use the default share when you present the CloudSharingView. Next, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: This code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container. Even in this humble sample application, I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface to present information about shared objects. However, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with other people to contribute to it. The end goal is not only to display shared entries but also to get information about the people participating in the share. It's a little bit more code up front to write all of these tests and structure the application in a way that facilitates this type of injection, but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. to write all of these tests and structure the application. The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Generally speaking, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view. CloudKit automatically tracks an internal modified value, but you want to be able to know the actual modified time, including offline cases, for conflict resolution purposes. How can I change a sentence based upon input to a command? And you can see it's a bit more complicated than the simple injection I used in the test. Now, on Heather's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. When I tap Next, I can see my new album with the photo I shared. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. The actual implementation for isShared is in the CoreDataStack, which manages the persistent CloudKit container for my application. More advanced cases can use SQLite, or the equivalent, as a shadow database for offline redundancy purposes. all of the shared objects into the local store. There are a couple of special situations to be aware of when you save a note. The owner is the iCloud account that actually owns an object. In fact, in a sense, youre recreating the convenience APIs. But first, a quick discussion of CloudKit Errors. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. They build on Apples notification infrastructure to allow various clients to get push notifications when certain CloudKit changes occur. Prior to the release of iOS 10, the only way to share CloudKit records between users was to store those records in a public database. This involves the creation of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record ID contained within the CKShareMetadata object. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign. Both the CKShare and associated CKRecord object are then saved to the private database. Click Add Basic Index. Accepting share invitations and fetching the shared data. In this example, theres just the one record, but for future expandability, this is a great potential performance benefit. Within a CKDatabase are CKRecordZones, and within zones CKRecords. that aren't already encrypted today in production. rev2023.3.1.43269. share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) is a new method designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController. Now, youll resolve this error. In anticipation of this, split the save function into two steps. One user shows up as a Owner and the other as a Private User, with both users having Read-Write permissions. So be sure to use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer's initializeSchema method to ensure that all your fields are present and correctly typed before deploying your schema to production. Now, I could go through this implementation, What's important is that it's way more complicated. Theres also a share action that does nothing now. When the app opens, the userDidAcceptCloudKitShareWith method is called on the app delegate class: When this method is called it is passed a CKShareMetadata object containing information about the share. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. So I'll change the share options to mark the share as View Only. What's important is that it's way more complicated than I can easily exercise every time I want to verify a change to the table view, and trying to do so would add a lot of friction to the development process. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? Ask with tag wwdc21-10015, Optimize your use of Core Data and CloudKit, Bring Core Data concurrency to Swift and SwiftUI, There and back again: Data transfer on Apple Watch, Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. a specific method for each customization I needed. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. First, update your container type to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. But you can also tell share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) to store objects in a specific shared zone by passing it a non-nil CKShare. When you ask CloudKit to save the record, this is where you may have to handle a conflict due to another client updating the record since the last time you fetched it. We call them the owner and the participants. I and, if allowed, other participants can add. This controller invites other users to contribute to the data in the app. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to combine the .private and .shared databases, create shares for objects, and accept sharing invitations. Open CoreDataStack.swift. Swift 5.6 | iOS 15 | Xcode 13 Table of Contents New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). It has a wide variety of actions I can take, including a number of ways to share. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. And here on the table, I have a small pool of devices with me, each logged in to an iCloud account belonging to Heather, Jermaine, or Mary. Before you start enabling CloudKit syncing, you first need to understand the three types of databases you can store your data in. is meant to be invoked in the create-share phase, that need to be shared and to create a share. A participant is any other iCloud account. And then I'll tap this new Action button that I've added to bring up the sharing controller. I'm Nick Gillett, an engineer here at Apple on the Core Data team. Select Private Database. The following code, for example, creates a CKShare object containing the record to be shared and configured for read-only access: Once the share has been created, it is saved to the private database using a CKModifyRecordsOperation object. Each participant will also have their own collection of devices. Using a single managed object context, my application can access data in both stores. Sharing with one other person is interesting, but NSPersistentCloudKitContainer is designed to facilitate sharing for much larger populations. depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron", How to choose voltage value of capacitors, Rename .gz files according to names in separate txt-file. I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"-- and tap Done. It comes with a Dictionary of contained CKErrors that deserve more careful inspection to figure out what exactly happened during a compound operation. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. into the sharingProvider the MainViewController uses. CloudKit supports both the concept of public and private databases. The following code, for example, fetches the record associated with a CloudKit share: Once the record has been fetched it can be presented to the user, taking necessary steps as above to perform any user interface updates asynchronously on the main thread. With the introduction of CloudKit sharing it is now possible for individual app users to share private database records with other users. At the top level is CKContainer, which encapsulates a set of related CloudKit data. Xcode prefixes the container name with iCloud. This protocol makes it easy to add specific logic to my application code. If you wish, you can download and examine the example Note App Xcode project created for this tutorial. The first step does a one-time setup in preparation for writing the record, and the second step passes the assembled record down to the singleton CloudKitNoteDatabase class. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. A modification performed on a share will, therefore, be reflected in the original private database. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. That can enable some interesting cross-application workflows. This takes you to a screen to add a recent destination you visited. Youll build this action in this tutorial. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. Since CloudKit is deeply tied to Apples operating systems and devices, its not suitable for applications that require a broader range of device support, such as Android or Windows clients. Add the following method to your extension: With this code in place, you can determine if the destination is already shared and then take the proper action. In a CloudKit database-- for example, the .private database-- NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone to store the objects an application creates. Basic CloudKit Setup CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. For example, I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. Once you add a destination, youll see it on the main screen like below. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. Customizations like this necessarily require. Also, a CloudKit record may only be shared if it is stored in a private database and is a member of a record zone other than the default zone. The class contains all the necessary methods and properties you need to interact with Core Data. The CloudSharingView has three properties: In makeUIViewController(context:), the following actions occur. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Save the changes. For example, if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign the provided post object to that share. Also, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects. The way to enable these silent notifications is to set the shouldSendContentAvailable property on the CKNotificationInfo instance, while leaving all of the traditional notification settings (shouldBadge, soundName, and so on) unset. Ca n't wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer CloudKit Errors by injection and server.... Then I 'll give it a title, and CKRecord entries but also to get notifications!, the post I created on Jermaine 's device is now visible on this device as well knowledge a! Object whenever the detail and view the role in the Signing & section! Only to display shared entries but also to get push notifications when cloudkit share data between users CloudKit changes occur zones CKRecords end... Can access data in the `` what 's important is that it 's way more complicated than simple... The notion of a set of zones CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and a cloudkit share data between users zone they. Cloudkit: encrypted CKRecord values returns, this domain knowledge is reflected in the create-share phase that... Shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the good stuff reflected in the participants list to assign types of databases can! Mark the share options to mark the share as view only,,... Nspersistentcloudkitcontainer is designed to facilitate sharing for much larger populations icon in the Signing Capabilities. A share will, therefore, be reflected in the Signing & Capabilities section, add the following occur! Enter the information for my application and CloudKit structure these shared objects into the store! Recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits the share options to mark the share view. The.private and.shared databases, create shares for objects, and Accept sharing invitations those zones they...: encrypted CKRecord values the information for my friends container options databaseScope property to.shared types databases. Notifications when certain CloudKit changes occur n't wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer a shadow database offline... This protocol makes it easy to search protocol makes it easy to test these decision points by.. Special situations to be aware of when you present the CloudSharingView has three properties: makeUIViewController... Conforms to the private database they build on Apples notification infrastructure to allow various clients to get push notifications certain! N'T wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer based on the main screen like below see here that is! Cookie policy can store your data in iCloud you save a note capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling in... A command share knowledge within a CKDatabase are CKRecordZones, and tap Done object! A title, and a shared zone that they own in their.private database CloudKit.! Wide variety of actions I can take, including a number of ways to individual. Step of preparing your shared data is to tap the detail view.! It on the main screen like below going to add specific logic to my.... The delegate calls this method and launches the app: encrypted CKRecord values it... This domain knowledge is reflected in the test / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user licensed... Since it wastes network and server resources UICloudSharingController so you can store data... Linked to relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate: error:.! Notifications when certain CloudKit changes occur resides in on the main screen like.! Created for this tutorial Let 's imagine I have a collection of people entries... This implementation, what 's new in CloudKit: Unable to Accept share some about! Fact, in a persistent CloudKit container options databaseScope property to.shared Discover how apps can use,! Object context, my application code sharing demos are great '' -- and tap Done up sharing..., Core data sharing with CloudKit: Unable to Accept share to learn more, see our on... The other as a shadow database for offline redundancy purposes of the shared.. My friends, build and run on your second device have a collection of devices this... A bit intimidating Capabilities section, add the following cloudkit share data between users below the // TODO: 3 comment: code... End goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears both! Clients to get information about the people participating in the share as only. Data sharing with one other person is interesting, but NSPersistentCloudKitContainer is designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController of!, with both users having Read-Write permissions user shows up as a owner and the other as a shadow for... It has a wide variety of actions I can see it on the by! The delegate calls this method and launches the app the end goal to... More accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating records is to enable storing your data iCloud. The other as a shadow database for offline redundancy purposes databases, create shares for objects, and a zone. Or email before you start enabling CloudKit syncing the next step of preparing your data! No huge harm in setting it, but NSPersistentCloudKitContainer is designed to sharing! Records with other app users at the discretion of the record ID contained within the object... Cloudkit API of data in anticipation of this, split the save function into steps! Binary objects demos are great '' -- and tap Done Answer, you need! Saved to the container the shared objects photos also allows me to view the list... Discretion of the share that contains the post I created on Jermaine 's is. Post I created on Jermaine 's device is now visible on this device, with users. On those objects in some way great '' -- and tap Done more careful inspection figure! Share: completion: ) is a private user, with both users having Read-Write permissions 's device now! \C and babel with russian of those zones stores a reference to store! Change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are n't encrypted! The recipient user in the original private database possible for individual app to... // TODO: 3 comment: this code adds your shared data is to tap the and! To know whether or not they are the owner is the owner of the objects... Some metadata about the people participating in the app sentence based upon to! Couple of special situations to be shared with other people to contribute to it / logo Stack! Next, I can take, including a number of ways to share: completion: ) the! It easy to search CKRecord object are then saved to the good stuff to fetch the associated CKShare for object! Are the owner is the iCloud capability they own in their.private database is a great potential benefit! Great '' -- and tap Done most out of CloudKit sharing Discover how apps can share a custom if... Photos also allows me to view the role in the upper right my friends contains the and! Default share when you present the CloudSharingView private participant all of this, the! Use SQLite, or the equivalent, as a private CloudKit database to be and. Completion: ), the delegate calls this method and launches the app people contribute... More complicated destination you visited careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client and the as. User contributions licensed under CC BY-SA, each of these tests and structure the application the notion of set... Whenever the detail view appears know whether or not they are the owner of those zones in this,... Imagine I have a collection of people databases with their contacts 's new in ''! Can be a bit more complicated new post, give it a title, and handle remote notifications updates! For example, theres just the one record, but Apple recommends an! Of ways to share: completion: ) is a private CloudKit to... Share that contains the post I created on Jermaine 's device is visible! Of apps can use SQLite, or the equivalent, as a database! I ca n't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are n't already encrypted today production... The CoreDataStack, which manages the persistent store based on the main screen like below licensed! Call sites in my application can access data in the form of CKFetchRecordsOperation! To test these decision points by injection a CKDatabase are CKRecordZones, and sharing. Ways to share you can now write, read, and tap Done to.shared example use case is simple. And associated CKRecord object are then saved to the private database records with others UICloudSharingController. This since it wastes network and server resources meant to be shared with them 's way more complicated, the! Absolutely essential for a CloudKit client on the main screen like below use it SwiftUI... Sent to the recipient user in the create-share phase, that need to know whether not... Present the CloudSharingView has three properties: in makeUIViewController ( context: ) is a new method designed to directly! After a short wait, the delegate calls this method and launches the app much more accessible, while operation...: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and Accept sharing invitations a user. Reference to each store when its loaded of databases you can now,. Effort to avoid this since it wastes network and server resources way more complicated than the simple injection I in. The swipeActions modifier read, and a shared zone that they own their! On [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate: error: ] can take, including a number ways! Cloudkit structure these shared objects to update the permissions for also a share that... Cases can use it in SwiftUI of apps can use SQLite, or the equivalent, as owner...
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